Well water in Middleton, Wisconsin
1in6
Testing recommended
private wells tested between 1990 and 2025 in Middleton had nitrate above the Wisconsin enforcement standard (10 mg/L), according to the UWSP Well Water Quality Viewer.
The strongest signal is arsenic: 23% of 13 local samples were above the limit, too few samples to carry the headline but first on the test list below.
718 private wells tested 2024 to 2025 in state summaries; 139 test results across 8 contaminants from at least 18 wells, 1958 to 2022; nitrate has the most at 25. Data refreshed September 9, 2026.
Compiled by Nick at Well Water Nerd from public records. How these pages are built
What homeowner tests found
Wisconsin Well Water Quality Viewer samples: private wells tested and reported to the state, 2024 to 2025. Shares are against the level the state applies to each contaminant, named in the last column; several are stricter than EPA.
What individual samples found
Each row summarizes every public sample for that contaminant inside Middleton. Above limit means above the EPA maximum contaminant level; where EPA has no enforceable limit, the row shows a health guideline or nuisance level instead.
| Contaminant | Above limit | Samples | Detected | Median | Highest | Limit |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arsenic 2022 | 13 | 46% | 0 | 10.5 | 10 ug/L EPA limit | |
| Nitrate 1975 to 2022 | 25 | 68% | 0.03 | 14.7 | 10 mg/L EPA limit | |
| Lead 2022 | 13 | 8% | 0 | 26 | 15 ug/L EPA limit | |
| Copper 1958 to 2022 | 14 | 71% | 0.011 | 0.1 | 1.3 mg/L EPA limit | |
| Iron 1958 to 2022 | no limit | 22 | 82% | 0 | 1,400 | 300 ug/L nuisance level |
| Manganese 1958 to 2022 | no limit | 22 | 82% | 50 | 2,500 | 300 ug/L health guideline |
| Sodium 1958 to 2022 | no limit | 21 | 100% | 6.3 | 320 | 20 mg/L health guideline |
Sampled fewer than 10 times, too few to summarize: Fluoride (9).
Over time
Share of samples above the limit by period. A cell needs ten samples to show; a comparison needs twenty in each period. Later periods sample fewer wells, and often the ones already known to have a problem.
| Contaminant | before 2000 | 2000s | 2010s | 2020s |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nitrate | 0%12 samples | n/a | n/a | 23%13 samples |
Closer than the town
See the sampled wells near your address
The same records, drawn around one point: which wells within a few miles were sampled and what they found, how deep the wells next to you were drilled, and any leaking tank or cleanup site within a mile.
Check my addressWhat this means
Among homeowners in Middleton who sent a sample to the state lab, the health-based limits most often exceeded were nitrate (18% of 718 wells). These are ordinary wells tested by their owners, so the shares are the best available picture of a typical well here, with one caveat: people test more often when they suspect a problem.
What to test for in Middleton
- 1Arsenic23% of 13 local samples were above the limit.
- 2Nitrate18% of 718 local wells tested were above the Wisconsin enforcement standard.
- 3Lead8% of 13 local samples were above the limit.
- 4Coliform bacteriaRecommended for every private well, every year.
- 5IronDetected in 82% of local samples.
- 6ManganeseDetected in 82% of local samples.
- 7FluorideDetected in 78% of local samples.
- 8Volatile organic compounds (VOCs)4 leaking underground storage tank sites on record locally.
Test your Middleton well for arsenic, nitrate and lead
Certified lab analysis of your own tap water, bottles and prepaid return shipping included. The Essential well panel covers arsenic, uranium, nitrate, lead, copper, manganese, iron, sodium and bacteria; radon and PFAS are add-ons.
Order the Tap Score well water test kit, from $209Already tested? Upload the report
Just want bacteria checked first? Tap Score coliform and E. coli test, $99. Coliform and E. coli are the tests every well needs every year.
Want a quick look before paying for a lab? Home well water test strips on Amazon check hardness, iron, pH and nitrate in minutes. They are a screen, not a result: arsenic, bacteria, uranium and PFAS need a certified lab.
Affiliate links: the merchant pays us a commission and the price is the same for you. It does not change what the data above says. As an Amazon Associate we earn from qualifying purchases.
Where to get a well tested in Wisconsin: certified labs, state programs and prices.
Already have results back? Get your lab report read against the Middleton numbers, $29. Every line explained, ranked by what matters, with the fix for each.
The rock under Middleton
Cambrian-Ordovician aquifer system
Sandstone. Sandstone wells draw from pore space in the rock and tend to be dependable. Iron, manganese and hardness are common, and some sandstones carry arsenic or radium, so a first test should include both.
Classification from the USGS Principal Aquifers of the United States (national map, 2003 edition, GIS release 2015), read at the town centroid. A single well can sit in a different unit, especially near a boundary.
Official help in Wisconsin
Two places to start that are not selling anything: the state program that answers private well questions, and its list of labs certified to run drinking water tests. A certified lab is the difference between a result you can act on and a number.
- Wells, Wisconsin DNR
- Laboratory Certification, Wisconsin DNR
Contamination sources on record in Middleton
Wisconsin DNR records 4 leaking underground storage tank sites in Middleton, among 14 regulated sites in total. Groundwater does not follow property lines, so a well within a few hundred feet of one of these is worth testing for what that site could release.
- 4
- leaking underground storage tank sitesGasoline and heating oil that leaked from tanks move through groundwater as benzene, MTBE and other volatile organic compounds.
- 1
- lined landfill or transfer facility
- 9
- other remediation projects
Treatment that fits the local profile
Nitrate
Point-of-use reverse osmosis; Anion exchange; Distillation
Arsenic
Point-of-use reverse osmosis; Adsorptive media (iron-based) whole-house; Anion exchange
Lead
Point-of-use reverse osmosis; Certified lead-removal carbon filter; Neutralizing filter to raise pH and stop leaching
Iron
Oxidizing filter whole-house; Water softener (low levels); Aeration plus filtration
Manganese
Oxidizing filter (greensand, birm) whole-house; Water softener (low levels); Point-of-use reverse osmosis
Systems we would look at first
Some links below are affiliate links. If you buy through one, the merchant pays us a commission at no extra cost to you. It does not change which products we list or what the data says.
For nitrate
Under-sink reverse osmosis system
under-sink or countertop, about $300
Look for NSF/ANSI 58 certification listing the contaminant you need removed.
For nitrate
Aquasana SmartFlow reverse osmosis
under-sink or countertop, about $225
Certified to NSF/ANSI 58 and 53 to reduce arsenic (96%, pentavalent), fluoride (90%), lead (99%), nitrate, nitrite and PFOA/PFOS at the kitchen tap, with a remineralizer.
For arsenic
Whole-house arsenic and uranium filter
whole-house, at the point of entry, about $2,500
Adsorptive iron-based media; sized to your well yield.
For lead
Aquasana Claryum 3-Stage under-sink filter
under-sink or countertop, about $175
Certified to NSF/ANSI 53 to reduce 99% of lead and 99.7% of PFOA and PFOS at the tap. Not a fix for arsenic, nitrate or bacteria.
For lead
Acid neutralizing filter
whole-house, at the point of entry, about $1,200
Raises pH so plumbing stops leaching lead and copper.
For iron
Iron and manganese oxidizing filter
whole-house, at the point of entry, about $1,800
Air-injection or greensand media; fixes staining at the source.
Free, no obligation
Get on the list for a free in-home water test in Middleton
No water treatment company serves Middleton through Well Water Nerd yet. We are signing licensed companies on county by county: they test at your tap for free, walk you through the numbers, and quote treatment only if something needs fixing. Leave your details and you are first in line. Nothing is shared until a company joins for Middleton, and you get an email naming it first.
Common questions
Is there arsenic in well water in Middleton?
Arsenic was detected in 46% of 13 public well samples in Middleton, and 23% were above the EPA limit of 10 ug/L. Arsenic has no taste or smell; a lab test is the only way to know your level.
How often should I test a private well in Middleton?
Test for bacteria and nitrate every year. Test once for arsenic, uranium, radon, fluoride, manganese and PFAS, then again every three to five years or after any change in taste, color, or plumbing.
Towns near Middleton
Closest first. Groundwater does not stop at a line on a map, so the next town over is a fair second opinion.
Want the numbers themselves? Download the Wisconsin dataset as CSV, every county and town, with the sources named.
Sources
- USGS Water Quality Portal: 139 samples in Middleton. Data from the Water Quality Portal, a service of USGS, EPA and USDA; groundwater samples collected by USGS and cooperators. Retrieved September 3, 2026.
- Wisconsin Well Water Quality Viewer samples: summaries for 9 contaminants in Middleton, up to 718 wells each. Private well samples compiled by the UWSP Center for Watershed Science and Education from the DNR Groundwater Retrieval Network, DATCP surveys, the UWSP Water and Environmental Analysis Lab and county health programs, published in the Wisconsin Well Water Quality Viewer with Wisconsin DHS. Samples are located to the town, village or city they fall in; one result per well and parameter (the latest) so repeat samples do not double count; wells without a state well number are keyed by location. Shares are against Wisconsin NR 140 enforcement standards (arsenic 10 ug/L, nitrate 10 mg/L as N, manganese 300 ug/L, lead 15 ug/L, copper 1.3 mg/L) and the iron and chloride secondary levels. Many samples were submitted by homeowners with a reason to test, so shares can run above a random survey. Retrieved September 9, 2026.
- Wisconsin DNR regulated sites: 14 regulated sites located in Middleton. Open and closed remediation activities (BRRTS, including leaking underground storage tanks and spills) and landfill and waste sites from the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. Retrieved September 9, 2026.
Non-detects count as samples and are treated as zero when computing medians. Exactly at the limit counts as not above it. A sample belongs to the town containing the well's reported coordinates.