Well water in Lamoille County, Vermont
In Lamoille County, 3% of 1,625 private wells tested had arsenic above the Vermont limit (10 ug/L), according to the Vermont Department of Health.
1,924 private wells tested in state summaries; 1 individual samples from 1 wells, 1966. Data refreshed September 3, 2026.
What homeowner tests found
Vermont Tracking private well summaries: private wells tested and reported to the state. Shares are against the level the state applies to each contaminant, named in the last column; several are stricter than EPA. County and state figures combine the town summaries, weighted by wells tested; medians are not combined.
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What this means
Among homeowners in Lamoille County who sent a sample to the state lab, the health-based limits most often exceeded were arsenic (3% of 1,625 wells), uranium (<1% of 1,218 wells), and nitrate (<1% of 1,924 wells). These are ordinary wells tested by their owners, so the shares are the best available picture of a typical well here, with one caveat: people test more often when they suspect a problem.
Radon was above the Vermont advisory level of 4,000 pCi/L in 6% of 421 wells. Radon in water matters because it moves into indoor air during showers and laundry.
What to test for in Lamoille County
- Volatile organic compounds (VOCs)212 leaking underground storage tank sites on record locally.
- PFAS5 unlined landfills on record locally.
- Metals panel38 hazardous waste sites on record locally.
- Radon6% of 421 local wells tested were above the Vermont advisory level.
- Gross alpha5% of 890 local wells tested were above the Vermont limit.
- Arsenic3% of 1,625 local wells tested were above the Vermont limit.
- Uranium<1% of 1,218 local wells tested were above the Vermont limit.
- Nitrate<1% of 1,924 local wells tested were above the Vermont limit.
- Coliform bacteriaRecommended for every private well, every year.
- FluorideDetected in 100% of local samples.
- ManganeseDetected in 100% of local samples.
Wells in Lamoille County
3,481 domestic wells in Lamoille County are on record with the state since 1973. 98% are drilled into bedrock, and the typical well is 299 feet deep (one in ten goes past 520 feet).
In a typical Lamoille County well, bedrock starts about 25 feet down, the median yield is 8 gallons per minute, 20% of wells yield under 3 gallons per minute and usually need a storage tank.
Bedrock wells are where arsenic, uranium and radon come from: the water sits in fractures in granite and metamorphic rock and picks up whatever the rock carries. That is why testing for those three matters more here than in a dug or gravel well.
Contamination sources on record in Lamoille County
Vermont ANR records 212 leaking underground storage tank sites, 5 unlined landfills, 38 hazardous waste sites, and 6 reported spills and releases in Lamoille County, among 362 regulated sites in total. Groundwater does not follow property lines, so a well within a few hundred feet of one of these is worth testing for what that site could release.
- 212
- leaking underground storage tank sitesGasoline and heating oil that leaked from tanks move through groundwater as benzene, MTBE and other volatile organic compounds.
- 5
- unlined landfillsOlder unlined landfills are a leading source of PFAS, VOCs and metals in nearby wells.
- 38
- hazardous waste sitesSolvents, degreasers and metals from industrial sites can travel far in fractured bedrock.
- 6
- reported spills and releasesMost spills are fuel; a few are solvents or chemicals that reach the water table.
- 101
- registered underground storage tank sitesRegistered tanks are regulated and inspected; they matter most when they are old or near a shallow well.
Treatment that fits the local profile
- Radon
- Aeration (bubble-up or diffused) whole-house; Granular activated carbon whole-house (lower levels only)
- Gross alpha
- Point-of-use reverse osmosis; Water softener (cation exchange) for radium; Anion exchange for uranium
- Fluoride
- Point-of-use reverse osmosis; Activated alumina; Distillation
- Manganese
- Oxidizing filter (greensand, birm) whole-house; Water softener (low levels); Point-of-use reverse osmosis
- Iron
- Oxidizing filter whole-house; Water softener (low levels); Aeration plus filtration
- Chloride
- Point-of-use reverse osmosis; Distillation
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Common questions
How deep are wells in Lamoille County?
The typical domestic well in Lamoille County is 299 feet deep, based on 3,481 wells reported to the state since 1973. One in ten is deeper than 520 feet. 98% are drilled into bedrock.
How often should I test a private well in Lamoille County?
Test for bacteria and nitrate every year. Test once for arsenic, uranium, radon, fluoride, manganese and PFAS, then again every three to five years or after any change in taste, color, or plumbing.
Towns in Lamoille County
- Belvidere6% arsenic
- Cambridge<1% uranium
- Eden2% arsenic
- Elmore5% arsenic
- Hyde Park2% nitrate
- Johnson1% arsenic
- Morristown7% arsenic
- Stowe3% arsenic
- Waterville0% arsenic
- Wolcott4% arsenic
Sources
- USGS Water Quality Portal: 6 samples in Lamoille County. Data from the Water Quality Portal, a service of USGS, EPA and USDA; groundwater samples collected by USGS and cooperators. Retrieved September 3, 2026.
- Vermont Tracking private well summaries: summaries for 6 contaminants in Lamoille County, up to 1,924 wells each. Town summaries of private well tests reported to the Vermont Department of Health, published through Vermont Environmental Public Health Tracking. Shares are against the limit Vermont applies to each analyte: arsenic 10 ug/L, uranium 20 ug/L (stricter than EPA), fluoride 4 mg/L, nitrate 10 mg/L, gross alpha 15 pCi/L, radon 4,000 pCi/L advisory. Only towns with 20 or more results are published; statistics below the reporting limit show as *. Retrieved September 3, 2026.
- Vermont ANR well completion reports: 3,646 well records in Lamoille County, 3,481 domestic. Well completion reports filed with the Vermont Agency of Natural Resources since 1966. Only aggregates are shown; owner names and addresses are never stored. Retrieved September 3, 2026.
- Vermont ANR regulated sites: 362 regulated sites located in Lamoille County. Hazardous waste sites, landfills and underground storage tanks from the Vermont Agency of Natural Resources. Retrieved September 3, 2026.
Non-detects count as samples and are treated as zero when computing medians. Exactly at the limit counts as not above it. A sample belongs to the town containing the well's reported coordinates.