Well water in Richland County, Ohio

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Testing recommended

tested well samples in Richland County exceeded the EPA limit for nitrate (10 mg/L), based on public data from USGS Water Quality Portal.

3,791 test results across 9 contaminants from at least 47 wells, 1990 to 2014; chloride has the most at 1,892. Data refreshed September 15, 2026.

Compiled by Nick at Well Water Nerd from public records. How these pages are built

An estimated 29,516 people in Richland County get their drinking water from a private well, per USGS 2015 county water use. That is about 24% of residents.

Separately, the USGS national arsenic model estimates that 17% of the 29,516 people on private wells in Richland County draw water above 10 ug/L (the model's range is 8% to 31%), from geology and well depth rather than local tests.

What individual samples found

Each row summarizes every public sample for that contaminant inside Richland County. Above limit means above the EPA maximum contaminant level; where EPA has no enforceable limit, the row shows a health guideline or nuisance level instead.

Contaminant	Above limit	Samples	Detected	Median	Highest	Limit
Nitrate 1991 to 1999	18%	40	100%	2.67	15.8	10 mg/L EPA limit
Arsenic 1991 to 2014	4%	26	38%	0	10.9	10 ug/L EPA limit
Lead 1991 to 2014	3%	36	14%	0	20	15 ug/L EPA limit
Fluoride 1991 to 2014	0%	61	31%	0	1.3	4 mg/L EPA limit
Copper 1991 to 2014	0%	36	31%	0	0.042	1.3 mg/L EPA limit
Chloride 1990 to 2014	no limit	1,892	100%	38.7	150	250 mg/L nuisance level
Sodium 1990 to 2014	no limit	1,628	100%	9	61	20 mg/L health guideline
Iron 1991 to 2014	no limit	36	72%	61.5	4,740	300 ug/L nuisance level
Manganese 1991 to 2014	no limit	36	75%	66.5	305	300 ug/L health guideline

Over time

Share of samples above the limit by period. A cell needs ten samples to show; a comparison needs twenty in each period. Later periods sample fewer wells, and often the ones already known to have a problem.

Contaminant	before 2000	2000s	2010s	2020s
Fluoride	0%47 samples	n/a	0%14 samples	n/a
Lead	5%22 samples	n/a	0%14 samples	n/a
Copper	0%22 samples	n/a	0%14 samples	n/a
Arsenic	0%12 samples	n/a	7%14 samples	n/a

Closer than the county

See the sampled wells near your address

The same records, drawn around one point: which wells within a few miles were sampled and what they found, how deep the wells next to you were drilled, and any leaking tank or cleanup site within a mile.

Check my address

What this means

The contaminants most often above their limit here are nitrate (18% of 40 samples), arsenic (4% of 26 samples), and lead (3% of 36 samples). A well next door can differ sharply from yours because bedrock fractures, well depth and plumbing all matter, so these rates describe the area, not your tap.

Chloride, Iron, and Manganese are widespread in local groundwater. They are mainly a staining and taste problem, but high manganese also carries a health advisory for infants.

What to test for in Richland County

1
Nitrate
18% of 40 local samples were above the limit.
2
Arsenic
4% of 26 local samples were above the limit.
3
Lead
3% of 36 local samples were above the limit.
4
Coliform bacteria
Recommended for every private well, every year.
5
Chloride
Detected in 100% of local samples.
6
Manganese
Detected in 75% of local samples.
7
Iron
Detected in 72% of local samples.
8
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
583 leaking underground storage tank sites on record locally.
9
Metals panel
19 hazardous waste sites on record locally.

Test your Richland County well for nitrate, arsenic and lead

Certified lab analysis of your own tap water, bottles and prepaid return shipping included. The Essential well panel covers arsenic, uranium, nitrate, lead, copper, manganese, iron, sodium and bacteria; radon and PFAS are add-ons.

Order the Tap Score well water test kit, from $209 Already tested? Upload the report

Just want bacteria checked first? Tap Score coliform and E. coli test, $99. Coliform and E. coli are the tests every well needs every year.

Want a quick look before paying for a lab? Home well water test strips on Amazon check hardness, iron, pH and nitrate in minutes. They are a screen, not a result: arsenic, bacteria, uranium and PFAS need a certified lab.

Affiliate links: the merchant pays us a commission and the price is the same for you. It does not change what the data above says. As an Amazon Associate we earn from qualifying purchases.

Where to get a well tested in Ohio: certified labs, state programs and prices.

Already have results back? Get your lab report read against the Richland County numbers, $29. Every line explained, ranked by what matters, with the fix for each.

Wells in Richland County

10,926 domestic wells in Richland County are on record with the state since 1970. 82% are drilled into bedrock, and the typical well is 125 feet deep (one in ten goes past 240 feet).

In a typical Richland County well, bedrock starts about 41 feet down, the median yield is 14 gallons per minute, 2% of wells yield under 3 gallons per minute and usually need a storage tank.

Bedrock wells are where arsenic, uranium and radon come from: the water sits in fractures in granite and metamorphic rock and picks up whatever the rock carries. That is why testing for those three matters more here than in a dug or gravel well.

1,724

1970s

1,095

1980s

1,196

1990s

1,697

2000s

809

2010s

208

2020s

Find your own well's report

The state keeps the driller's report for most wells drilled since 1984. It tells you how deep your well is, where bedrock starts, and how much water it makes, which decides what treatment can work.

Open ODNR water well log search and choose Water Well.
The log lists depth, depth to bedrock, casing, static water level, the pump test and the driller.

Ohio has required well logs since 1948, so most drilled wells have one.

The rock under Richland County

Mississippian aquifers

Sandstone and carbonate-rock. Layered sandstone and limestone means a well may draw from either. Hardness and iron are routine, and the limestone layers can carry bacteria and nitrate from the surface quickly, so test for both yearly.

Classification from the USGS Principal Aquifers of the United States (national map, 2003 edition, GIS release 2015), read at the county centroid. A single well can sit in a different unit, especially near a boundary.

Official help in Ohio

Two places to start that are not selling anything: the state program that answers private well questions, and its list of labs certified to run drinking water tests. A certified lab is the difference between a result you can act on and a number.

Private Water Systems Program, Ohio Department of Health
Laboratory Certification, Ohio EPA

Contamination sources on record in Richland County

Ohio EPA records 583 leaking underground storage tank sites and 19 hazardous waste sites in Richland County, among 626 regulated sites in total. Groundwater does not follow property lines, so a well within a few hundred feet of one of these is worth testing for what that site could release.

583: leaking underground storage tank sitesGasoline and heating oil that leaked from tanks move through groundwater as benzene, MTBE and other volatile organic compounds.
19: hazardous waste sitesSolvents, degreasers and metals from industrial sites can travel far in fractured bedrock.
8: lined landfills and transfer facilities
16: other remediation projects

Treatment that fits the local profile

Nitrate

Point-of-use reverse osmosis; Anion exchange; Distillation

Arsenic

Point-of-use reverse osmosis; Adsorptive media (iron-based) whole-house; Anion exchange

Lead

Point-of-use reverse osmosis; Certified lead-removal carbon filter; Neutralizing filter to raise pH and stop leaching

Manganese

Oxidizing filter (greensand, birm) whole-house; Water softener (low levels); Point-of-use reverse osmosis

Iron

Oxidizing filter whole-house; Water softener (low levels); Aeration plus filtration

Systems we would look at first

Some links below are affiliate links. If you buy through one, the merchant pays us a commission at no extra cost to you. It does not change which products we list or what the data says.

For nitrate

Under-sink reverse osmosis system

under-sink or countertop, about $300

Look for NSF/ANSI 58 certification listing the contaminant you need removed.

For nitrate

Aquasana SmartFlow reverse osmosis

under-sink or countertop, about $225

Certified to NSF/ANSI 58 and 53 to reduce arsenic (96%, pentavalent), fluoride (90%), lead (99%), nitrate, nitrite and PFOA/PFOS at the kitchen tap, with a remineralizer.

For arsenic

Whole-house arsenic and uranium filter

whole-house, at the point of entry, about $2,500

Adsorptive iron-based media; sized to your well yield.

For lead

Aquasana Claryum 3-Stage under-sink filter

under-sink or countertop, about $175

Certified to NSF/ANSI 53 to reduce 99% of lead and 99.7% of PFOA and PFOS at the tap. Not a fix for arsenic, nitrate or bacteria.

For lead

Acid neutralizing filter

whole-house, at the point of entry, about $1,200

Raises pH so plumbing stops leaching lead and copper.

For iron

Iron and manganese oxidizing filter

whole-house, at the point of entry, about $1,800

Air-injection or greensand media; fixes staining at the source.

Free, no obligation

Get on the list for a free in-home water test in Richland County

No water treatment company serves Richland County through Well Water Nerd yet. We are signing licensed companies on county by county: they test at your tap for free, walk you through the numbers, and quote treatment only if something needs fixing. Leave your details and you are first in line. Nothing is shared until a company joins for Richland County, and you get an email naming it first.

Common questions

How deep are wells in Richland County?

The typical domestic well in Richland County is 125 feet deep, based on 10,926 wells reported to the state since 1970. One in ten is deeper than 240 feet. 82% are drilled into bedrock.

Is there arsenic in well water in Richland County?

Arsenic was detected in 38% of 26 public well samples in Richland County, and 4% were above the EPA limit of 10 ug/L. Arsenic has no taste or smell; a lab test is the only way to know your level.

How often should I test a private well in Richland County?

Test for bacteria and nitrate every year. Test once for arsenic, uranium, radon, fluoride, manganese and PFAS, then again every three to five years or after any change in taste, color, or plumbing.

Towns in Richland County

Washington township18% nitrate

18 towns have fewer than 30 public samples and are included in the Richland County totals above rather than shown separately: Bloominggrove township, Butler township, Cass township, Franklin township, Jackson township, Jefferson township, Madison township, Mansfield, Mifflin township, Monroe township, Perry township, Plymouth township, Sandusky township, Sharon township, Springfield township, Troy township, Weller township, Worthington township.

Counties near Richland County

Closest first. Groundwater does not stop at a line on a map, so the next county over is a fair second opinion.

Want the numbers themselves? Download the Ohio dataset as CSV, every county and town, with the sources named.

Sources

USGS Water Quality Portal: 3,791 samples in Richland County. Data from the Water Quality Portal, a service of USGS, EPA and USDA; groundwater samples collected by USGS and cooperators. Retrieved September 3, 2026.
USGS national arsenic model (Ayotte 2017): estimated share of 29,516 people on private wells in Richland County above 10 ug/L of arsenic, from geology, well depth and land use. County estimates of domestic well users with arsenic above 10 ug/L from the USGS national logistic regression model (Ayotte, Medalie and Qi, 2017), with private well population from the USGS 2015 county water-use compilation (Dieter and others, 2018). Retrieved September 15, 2026.
Ohio DNR water well logs: 12,981 well records in Richland County, 10,926 domestic. Water well logs filed with the Ohio Department of Natural Resources Division of Water Resources since 1948. Only aggregates are shown; owner names and addresses are never stored. Retrieved September 17, 2026.
Ohio EPA regulated sites: 626 regulated sites located in Richland County. Remediation sites, leaking underground storage tank releases (BUSTR) and landfills from the Ohio Environmental Protection Agency and the Division of State Fire Marshal. Retrieved September 17, 2026.

Non-detects count as samples and are treated as zero when computing medians. Exactly at the limit counts as not above it. A sample belongs to the town containing the well's reported coordinates.