Well water in Randolph, Vermont
In Randolph, none of 134 private wells tested had fluoride above the Vermont limit (4 mg/L), according to the Vermont Department of Health.
134 private wells tested in state summaries; 8 individual samples from 3 wells, 1994 to 2017. Data refreshed September 3, 2026.
What homeowner tests found
Vermont Tracking private well summaries: private wells tested and reported to the state. Shares are against the level the state applies to each contaminant, named in the last column; several are stricter than EPA.
| Contaminant | Wells tested | Above state level | Median | 95th pct | Highest | State level | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Radon | 31 | 23% | 978 | 6,835 | 8,440 | 4,000 pCi/L | |
| Fluoride | 134 | 0% | 0.05 | 0.15 | 0.24 | 4 mg/L | |
| Arsenic | 130 | 0% | * | * | 4 | 10 ug/L | |
| Uranium | 119 | 0% | * | 3 | 9 | 20 ug/L | |
| Nitrate | 112 | 0% | 0.535 | 3.52 | 8.71 | 10 mg/L | |
| Gross alpha Gross Alpha | 72 | 0% | 1.5 | 5.1 | 11 | 15 pCi/L |
* suppressed by the publisher because too few wells were tested.
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What this means
Among homeowners in Randolph who sent a sample to the state lab, no health-based limit was exceeded often enough to publish a share. That is good news, but a single well can still be the exception.
Radon was above the Vermont advisory level of 4,000 pCi/L in 23% of 31 wells. Radon in water matters because it moves into indoor air during showers and laundry.
What to test for in Randolph
- Volatile organic compounds (VOCs)32 leaking underground storage tank sites on record locally.
- PFAS2 unlined landfills on record locally.
- Metals panel11 hazardous waste sites on record locally.
- Radon23% of 31 local wells tested were above the Vermont advisory level.
- Coliform bacteriaRecommended for every private well, every year.
- NitrateAbove the limit in 1 of 8 local samples; too few to quote a rate.
- ChlorideDetected in 100% of local samples.
- ManganeseDetected in 100% of local samples.
- IronDetected in 100% of local samples.
Wells in Randolph
313 domestic wells in Randolph are on record with the state since 1996. 99% are drilled into bedrock, and the typical well is 260 feet deep (one in ten goes past 462 feet).
In a typical Randolph well, bedrock starts about 15 feet down, the median yield is 12 gallons per minute, 9% of wells yield under 3 gallons per minute and usually need a storage tank.
Bedrock wells are where arsenic, uranium and radon come from: the water sits in fractures in granite and metamorphic rock and picks up whatever the rock carries. That is why testing for those three matters more here than in a dug or gravel well.
Contamination sources on record in Randolph
Vermont ANR records 32 leaking underground storage tank sites, 2 unlined landfills, 11 hazardous waste sites, and 1 reported spill or release in Randolph, among 72 regulated sites in total. Groundwater does not follow property lines, so a well within a few hundred feet of one of these is worth testing for what that site could release.
- 32
- leaking underground storage tank sitesGasoline and heating oil that leaked from tanks move through groundwater as benzene, MTBE and other volatile organic compounds.
- 2
- unlined landfillsOlder unlined landfills are a leading source of PFAS, VOCs and metals in nearby wells.
- 11
- hazardous waste sitesSolvents, degreasers and metals from industrial sites can travel far in fractured bedrock.
- 1
- reported spill or releaseMost spills are fuel; a few are solvents or chemicals that reach the water table.
- 26
- registered underground storage tank sitesRegistered tanks are regulated and inspected; they matter most when they are old or near a shallow well.
Treatment that fits the local profile
- Radon
- Aeration (bubble-up or diffused) whole-house; Granular activated carbon whole-house (lower levels only)
- Chloride
- Point-of-use reverse osmosis; Distillation
- Manganese
- Oxidizing filter (greensand, birm) whole-house; Water softener (low levels); Point-of-use reverse osmosis
- Iron
- Oxidizing filter whole-house; Water softener (low levels); Aeration plus filtration
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Common questions
How deep are wells in Randolph?
The typical domestic well in Randolph is 260 feet deep, based on 313 wells reported to the state since 1996. One in ten is deeper than 462 feet. 99% are drilled into bedrock.
Is there arsenic in well water in Randolph?
Arsenic was detected in 100% of 2 public well samples in Randolph, and 0% were above the EPA limit of 10 ug/L. Arsenic has no taste or smell; a lab test is the only way to know your level.
How high is radon in well water in Randolph?
The median radon level across 1 public samples in Randolph was 1,570 pCi/L, with a high of 1,570 pCi/L. New Hampshire recommends treatment above 2,000 pCi/L.
How often should I test a private well in Randolph?
Test for bacteria and nitrate every year. Test once for arsenic, uranium, radon, fluoride, manganese and PFAS, then again every three to five years or after any change in taste, color, or plumbing.
Sources
- USGS Water Quality Portal: 43 samples in Randolph. Data from the Water Quality Portal, a service of USGS, EPA and USDA; groundwater samples collected by USGS and cooperators. Retrieved September 3, 2026.
- Vermont Tracking private well summaries: summaries for 6 contaminants in Randolph, up to 134 wells each. Town summaries of private well tests reported to the Vermont Department of Health, published through Vermont Environmental Public Health Tracking. Shares are against the limit Vermont applies to each analyte: arsenic 10 ug/L, uranium 20 ug/L (stricter than EPA), fluoride 4 mg/L, nitrate 10 mg/L, gross alpha 15 pCi/L, radon 4,000 pCi/L advisory. Only towns with 20 or more results are published; statistics below the reporting limit show as *. Retrieved September 3, 2026.
- Vermont ANR well completion reports: 335 well records in Randolph, 313 domestic. Well completion reports filed with the Vermont Agency of Natural Resources since 1966. Only aggregates are shown; owner names and addresses are never stored. Retrieved September 3, 2026.
- Vermont ANR regulated sites: 72 regulated sites located in Randolph. Hazardous waste sites, landfills and underground storage tanks from the Vermont Agency of Natural Resources. Retrieved September 3, 2026.
Non-detects count as samples and are treated as zero when computing medians. Exactly at the limit counts as not above it. A sample belongs to the town containing the well's reported coordinates.