Well water in Williams County, North Dakota
1in4
Testing strongly recommended
tested well samples in Williams County exceeded the EPA limit for arsenic (10 ug/L), based on public data from USGS Water Quality Portal.
1,307 test results across 11 contaminants from at least 200 wells, 1953 to 2024; sodium has the most at 284. Data refreshed September 15, 2026.
Compiled by Nick at Well Water Nerd from public records. How these pages are built
An estimated 1,631 people in Williams County get their drinking water from a private well, per USGS 2015 county water use. That is about 5% of residents.
Separately, the USGS national arsenic model estimates that 6% of the 1,631 people on private wells in Williams County draw water above 10 ug/L (the model's range is 5% to 7%), from geology and well depth rather than local tests.
What individual samples found
Each row summarizes every public sample for that contaminant inside Williams County. Above limit means above the EPA maximum contaminant level; where EPA has no enforceable limit, the row shows a health guideline or nuisance level instead.
| Contaminant | Above limit | Samples | Detected | Median | Highest | Limit |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arsenic 1976 to 2024 | 34 | 68% | 2.45 | 44 | 10 ug/L EPA limit | |
| Nitrate 1953 to 2024 | 198 | 89% | 0.4 | 120 | 10 mg/L EPA limit | |
| Fluoride 1953 to 2024 | 275 | 98% | 0.3 | 4.8 | 4 mg/L EPA limit | |
| Lead 1976 to 2024 | 35 | 31% | 0 | 1.3 | 15 ug/L EPA limit | |
| Copper 1976 to 2024 | 25 | 44% | 0 | 0.01 | 1.3 mg/L EPA limit | |
| Sodium 1953 to 2024 | no limit | 284 | 100% | 293 | 52,000 | 20 mg/L health guideline |
| Iron 1953 to 2024 | no limit | 277 | 96% | 20 | 2,200,000 | 300 ug/L nuisance level |
| Manganese 1971 to 2024 | no limit | 167 | 98% | 140 | 13,000 | 300 ug/L health guideline |
Sampled fewer than 10 times, too few to summarize: Uranium (9), Radium (226 + 228) (2), Radon (1).
Over time
Share of samples above the limit by period. A cell needs ten samples to show; a comparison needs twenty in each period. Later periods sample fewer wells, and often the ones already known to have a problem.
| Contaminant | before 2000 | 2000s | 2010s | 2020s |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fluoride | <1%254 samples | n/a | 13%15 samples | n/a |
| Nitrate | 9%184 samples | n/a | 0%12 samples | n/a |
| Lead | 0%14 samples | n/a | 0%15 samples | n/a |
| Arsenic | 8%13 samples | n/a | 33%15 samples | n/a |
Closer than the county
See the sampled wells near your address
The same records, drawn around one point: which wells within a few miles were sampled and what they found, how deep the wells next to you were drilled, and any leaking tank or cleanup site within a mile.
Check my addressWhat this means
The contaminants most often above their limit here are arsenic (26% of 34 samples), nitrate (9% of 198 samples), and fluoride (1% of 275 samples). A well next door can differ sharply from yours because bedrock fractures, well depth and plumbing all matter, so these rates describe the area, not your tap.
Iron and Manganese are widespread in local groundwater. They are mainly a staining and taste problem, but high manganese also carries a health advisory for infants.
What to test for in Williams County
- 1Arsenic26% of 34 local samples were above the limit.
- 2Nitrate9% of 198 local samples were above the limit.
- 3Fluoride1% of 275 local samples were above the limit.
- 4Coliform bacteriaRecommended for every private well, every year.
- 5RadonMedian local reading is 1,190 pCi/L.
- 6UraniumAbove the limit in 2 of 9 local samples; too few to quote a rate.
- 7ManganeseDetected in 98% of local samples.
Test your Williams County well for arsenic, nitrate and fluoride
Certified lab analysis of your own tap water, bottles and prepaid return shipping included. The Essential well panel covers arsenic, uranium, nitrate, lead, copper, manganese, iron, sodium and bacteria; radon and PFAS are add-ons.
Order the Tap Score well water test kit, from $209Already tested? Upload the report
Just want bacteria checked first? Tap Score coliform and E. coli test, $99. Coliform and E. coli are the tests every well needs every year.
Want a quick look before paying for a lab? Home well water test strips on Amazon check hardness, iron, pH and nitrate in minutes. They are a screen, not a result: arsenic, bacteria, uranium and PFAS need a certified lab.
Affiliate links: the merchant pays us a commission and the price is the same for you. It does not change what the data above says. As an Amazon Associate we earn from qualifying purchases.
Where to get a well tested in North Dakota: certified labs, state programs and prices.
Already have results back? Get your lab report read against the Williams County numbers, $29. Every line explained, ranked by what matters, with the fix for each.
The rock under Williams County
Lower Tertiary aquifers
Sandstone. Sandstone wells draw from pore space in the rock and tend to be dependable. Iron, manganese and hardness are common, and some sandstones carry arsenic or radium, so a first test should include both.
Classification from the USGS Principal Aquifers of the United States (national map, 2003 edition, GIS release 2015), read at the county centroid. A single well can sit in a different unit, especially near a boundary.
Official help in North Dakota
Two places to start that are not selling anything: the state program that answers private well questions, and its list of labs certified to run drinking water tests. A certified lab is the difference between a result you can act on and a number.
- Groundwater Protection Program, North Dakota DEQ
Contamination sources on record in Williams County
North Dakota solid waste facilities records 14 regulated sites in Williams County, among 14 regulated sites in total. Groundwater does not follow property lines, so a well within a few hundred feet of one of these is worth testing for what that site could release.
- 14
- lined landfills and transfer facilities
Treatment that fits the local profile
Arsenic
Point-of-use reverse osmosis; Adsorptive media (iron-based) whole-house; Anion exchange
Nitrate
Point-of-use reverse osmosis; Anion exchange; Distillation
Fluoride
Point-of-use reverse osmosis; Activated alumina; Distillation
Manganese
Oxidizing filter (greensand, birm) whole-house; Water softener (low levels); Point-of-use reverse osmosis
Iron
Oxidizing filter whole-house; Water softener (low levels); Aeration plus filtration
Systems we would look at first
Some links below are affiliate links. If you buy through one, the merchant pays us a commission at no extra cost to you. It does not change which products we list or what the data says.
For arsenic
Under-sink reverse osmosis system
under-sink or countertop, about $300
Look for NSF/ANSI 58 certification listing the contaminant you need removed.
For arsenic
Whole-house arsenic and uranium filter
whole-house, at the point of entry, about $2,500
Adsorptive iron-based media; sized to your well yield.
For arsenic
Aquasana SmartFlow reverse osmosis
under-sink or countertop, about $225
Certified to NSF/ANSI 58 and 53 to reduce arsenic (96%, pentavalent), fluoride (90%), lead (99%), nitrate, nitrite and PFOA/PFOS at the kitchen tap, with a remineralizer.
For iron
Iron and manganese oxidizing filter
whole-house, at the point of entry, about $1,800
Air-injection or greensand media; fixes staining at the source.
Free, no obligation
Get on the list for a free in-home water test in Williams County
No water treatment company serves Williams County through Well Water Nerd yet. We are signing licensed companies on county by county: they test at your tap for free, walk you through the numbers, and quote treatment only if something needs fixing. Leave your details and you are first in line. Nothing is shared until a company joins for Williams County, and you get an email naming it first.
Common questions
Is there arsenic in well water in Williams County?
Arsenic was detected in 68% of 34 public well samples in Williams County, and 26% were above the EPA limit of 10 ug/L. Arsenic has no taste or smell; a lab test is the only way to know your level.
How often should I test a private well in Williams County?
Test for bacteria and nitrate every year. Test once for arsenic, uranium, radon, fluoride, manganese and PFAS, then again every three to five years or after any change in taste, color, or plumbing.
Counties near Williams County
Closest first. Groundwater does not stop at a line on a map, so the next county over is a fair second opinion.
Want the numbers themselves? Download the North Dakota dataset as CSV, every county and town, with the sources named.
Sources
- USGS Water Quality Portal: 1,307 samples in Williams County. Data from the Water Quality Portal, a service of USGS, EPA and USDA; groundwater samples collected by USGS and cooperators. Retrieved September 3, 2026.
- USGS national arsenic model (Ayotte 2017): estimated share of 1,631 people on private wells in Williams County above 10 ug/L of arsenic, from geology, well depth and land use. County estimates of domestic well users with arsenic above 10 ug/L from the USGS national logistic regression model (Ayotte, Medalie and Qi, 2017), with private well population from the USGS 2015 county water-use compilation (Dieter and others, 2018). Retrieved September 15, 2026.
- North Dakota solid waste facilities: 14 regulated sites located in Williams County. Permitted solid waste facilities from the North Dakota Department of Environmental Quality. Retrieved September 18, 2026.
Non-detects count as samples and are treated as zero when computing medians. Exactly at the limit counts as not above it. A sample belongs to the town containing the well's reported coordinates.