Well water in Branch County, Michigan
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Testing recommended
tested well samples in Branch County exceeded the EPA limit for nitrate (10 mg/L), based on public data from USGS Water Quality Portal.
156 test results across 10 contaminants from at least 9 wells, 1964 to 2022; nitrate has the most at 43. Data refreshed September 15, 2026.
Compiled by Nick at Well Water Nerd from public records. How these pages are built
An estimated 24,804 people in Branch County get their drinking water from a private well, per USGS 2015 county water use. That is about 57% of residents.
Separately, the USGS national arsenic model estimates that 7% of the 24,804 people on private wells in Branch County draw water above 10 ug/L (the model's range is 6% to 9%), from geology and well depth rather than local tests.
What individual samples found
Each row summarizes every public sample for that contaminant inside Branch County. Above limit means above the EPA maximum contaminant level; where EPA has no enforceable limit, the row shows a health guideline or nuisance level instead.
| Contaminant | Above limit | Samples | Detected | Median | Highest | Limit |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nitrate 1964 to 2022 | 43 | 51% | 0 | 32.7 | 10 mg/L EPA limit | |
| Fluoride 1975 to 2022 | 17 | 94% | 0.08 | 0.2 | 4 mg/L EPA limit | |
| Chloride 1964 to 2022 | no limit | 20 | 100% | 11.3 | 1,450 | 250 mg/L nuisance level |
| Iron 1975 to 2022 | no limit | 18 | 67% | 54.3 | 2,400 | 300 ug/L nuisance level |
| Manganese 1975 to 2022 | no limit | 17 | 100% | 93.4 | 212 | 300 ug/L health guideline |
| Sodium 1975 to 2022 | no limit | 17 | 100% | 4.6 | 6.3 | 20 mg/L health guideline |
Sampled fewer than 10 times, too few to summarize: Copper (8), Lead (8), Arsenic (7), Uranium (1).
Over time
Share of samples above the limit by period. A cell needs ten samples to show; a comparison needs twenty in each period. Later periods sample fewer wells, and often the ones already known to have a problem.
| Contaminant | before 2000 | 2000s | 2010s | 2020s |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nitrate | 15%13 samples | n/a | n/a | 7%30 samples |
Closer than the county
See the sampled wells near your address
The same records, drawn around one point: which wells within a few miles were sampled and what they found, how deep the wells next to you were drilled, and any leaking tank or cleanup site within a mile.
Check my addressWhat this means
The contaminants most often above their limit here are nitrate (9% of 43 samples). A well next door can differ sharply from yours because bedrock fractures, well depth and plumbing all matter, so these rates describe the area, not your tap.
Chloride, Iron, and Manganese are widespread in local groundwater. They are mainly a staining and taste problem, but high manganese also carries a health advisory for infants.
What to test for in Branch County
- 1Nitrate9% of 43 local samples were above the limit.
- 2Coliform bacteriaRecommended for every private well, every year.
- 3ChlorideDetected in 100% of local samples.
- 4ManganeseDetected in 100% of local samples.
- 5FluorideDetected in 94% of local samples.
- 6IronDetected in 67% of local samples.
- 7Volatile organic compounds (VOCs)24 leaking underground storage tank sites on record locally.
- 8Metals panel75 hazardous waste sites on record locally.
Test your Branch County well for nitrate, coliform bacteria and chloride
Certified lab analysis of your own tap water, bottles and prepaid return shipping included. The Essential well panel covers arsenic, uranium, nitrate, lead, copper, manganese, iron, sodium and bacteria; radon and PFAS are add-ons.
Order the Tap Score well water test kit, from $209Already tested? Upload the report
Just want bacteria checked first? Tap Score coliform and E. coli test, $99. Coliform and E. coli are the tests every well needs every year.
Want a quick look before paying for a lab? Home well water test strips on Amazon check hardness, iron, pH and nitrate in minutes. They are a screen, not a result: arsenic, bacteria, uranium and PFAS need a certified lab.
Affiliate links: the merchant pays us a commission and the price is the same for you. It does not change what the data above says. As an Amazon Associate we earn from qualifying purchases.
Where to get a well tested in Michigan: certified labs, state programs and prices.
Already have results back? Get your lab report read against the Branch County numbers, $29. Every line explained, ranked by what matters, with the fix for each.
Wells in Branch County
9,219 domestic wells in Branch County are on record with the state since 1960. 15% are drilled into bedrock, and the typical well is 58 feet deep (one in ten goes past 105 feet).
In a typical Branch County well, bedrock starts about 30 feet down, the median yield is 25 gallons per minute, 2% of wells yield under 3 gallons per minute and usually need a storage tank.
Find your own well's report
The state keeps the driller's report for most wells drilled since 1984. It tells you how deep your well is, where bedrock starts, and how much water it makes, which decides what treatment can work.
- Open Wellogic (EGLE) and choose Water Well.
- The record lists depth, casing, static water level, the pump test and the geologic log.
Michigan has required well records since 1966, so most drilled wells are on file.
The rock under Branch County
Not a principal aquifer
The USGS map places this area outside any principal aquifer, which usually means wells here draw from fractured bedrock or thin local deposits rather than a large regional aquifer. Bedrock wells of that kind are where arsenic, radon and uranium turn up, and yields vary from well to well.
Classification from the USGS Principal Aquifers of the United States (national map, 2003 edition, GIS release 2015), read at the county centroid. A single well can sit in a different unit, especially near a boundary.
Official help in Michigan
Two places to start that are not selling anything: the state program that answers private well questions, and its list of labs certified to run drinking water tests. A certified lab is the difference between a result you can act on and a number.
- Private Residential Water Well Testing, Michigan EGLE
- Laboratory certification program, Michigan EGLE
Contamination sources on record in Branch County
Michigan EGLE records 24 leaking underground storage tank sites and 75 hazardous waste sites in Branch County, among 287 regulated sites in total. Groundwater does not follow property lines, so a well within a few hundred feet of one of these is worth testing for what that site could release.
- 24
- leaking underground storage tank sitesGasoline and heating oil that leaked from tanks move through groundwater as benzene, MTBE and other volatile organic compounds.
- 75
- hazardous waste sitesSolvents, degreasers and metals from industrial sites can travel far in fractured bedrock.
- 188
- registered underground storage tank sitesRegistered tanks are regulated and inspected; they matter most when they are old or near a shallow well.
Treatment that fits the local profile
Nitrate
Point-of-use reverse osmosis; Anion exchange; Distillation
Manganese
Oxidizing filter (greensand, birm) whole-house; Water softener (low levels); Point-of-use reverse osmosis
Iron
Oxidizing filter whole-house; Water softener (low levels); Aeration plus filtration
Systems we would look at first
Some links below are affiliate links. If you buy through one, the merchant pays us a commission at no extra cost to you. It does not change which products we list or what the data says.
For nitrate
Under-sink reverse osmosis system
under-sink or countertop, about $300
Look for NSF/ANSI 58 certification listing the contaminant you need removed.
For nitrate
Aquasana SmartFlow reverse osmosis
under-sink or countertop, about $225
Certified to NSF/ANSI 58 and 53 to reduce arsenic (96%, pentavalent), fluoride (90%), lead (99%), nitrate, nitrite and PFOA/PFOS at the kitchen tap, with a remineralizer.
For iron
Iron and manganese oxidizing filter
whole-house, at the point of entry, about $1,800
Air-injection or greensand media; fixes staining at the source.
Free, no obligation
Get on the list for a free in-home water test in Branch County
No water treatment company serves Branch County through Well Water Nerd yet. We are signing licensed companies on county by county: they test at your tap for free, walk you through the numbers, and quote treatment only if something needs fixing. Leave your details and you are first in line. Nothing is shared until a company joins for Branch County, and you get an email naming it first.
Common questions
How deep are wells in Branch County?
The typical domestic well in Branch County is 58 feet deep, based on 9,219 wells reported to the state since 1960. One in ten is deeper than 105 feet. 15% are drilled into bedrock.
How often should I test a private well in Branch County?
Test for bacteria and nitrate every year. Test once for arsenic, uranium, radon, fluoride, manganese and PFAS, then again every three to five years or after any change in taste, color, or plumbing.
Towns in Branch County
17 towns have fewer than 30 public samples and are included in the Branch County totals above rather than shown separately: Algansee township, Batavia township, Bethel township, Bronson, Bronson township, Butler township, California township, Coldwater, Coldwater township, Gilead township, Girard township, Matteson township, Noble township, Ovid township, Quincy township, Sherwood township, Union township.
Counties near Branch County
Closest first. Groundwater does not stop at a line on a map, so the next county over is a fair second opinion.
Want the numbers themselves? Download the Michigan dataset as CSV, every county and town, with the sources named.
Sources
- USGS Water Quality Portal: 156 samples in Branch County. Data from the Water Quality Portal, a service of USGS, EPA and USDA; groundwater samples collected by USGS and cooperators. Retrieved September 3, 2026.
- USGS national arsenic model (Ayotte 2017): estimated share of 24,804 people on private wells in Branch County above 10 ug/L of arsenic, from geology, well depth and land use. County estimates of domestic well users with arsenic above 10 ug/L from the USGS national logistic regression model (Ayotte, Medalie and Qi, 2017), with private well population from the USGS 2015 county water-use compilation (Dieter and others, 2018). Retrieved September 15, 2026.
- Michigan Wellogic well records: 9,219 well records in Branch County, 9,219 domestic. Water well records from Wellogic, the Michigan Department of Environment, Great Lakes, and Energy statewide well database. Only aggregates are shown; owner names and addresses are never stored. Retrieved September 16, 2026.
- Michigan EGLE regulated sites: 287 regulated sites located in Branch County. Part 201 environmental contamination sites, underground storage tank facilities and Part 115 landfills from the Michigan Department of Environment, Great Lakes, and Energy. Retrieved September 16, 2026.
Non-detects count as samples and are treated as zero when computing medians. Exactly at the limit counts as not above it. A sample belongs to the town containing the well's reported coordinates.